Ginseng derived extracellular vesicles attenuate adipocyte hypertrophy and modulate gut microbiota and cholecystokinin responsiveness in high fat diet fed mice - Nature
We’re sharing this article early to provide faster access to peer-reviewed, accepted research. It is citable and carries a permanent DOI. This version is subject to further edits and will be replaced automatically by the final Version of Record. All legal disclaimers apply. AbstractDiet-induced obesity is associated with impaired satiety signaling and alterations in intestinal microbial communities. Plant-derived extracellular vesicles have recently emerged as bioactive dietary vesicles capable of influencing host physiology. However, the in vivo metabolic effects of Panax ginseng–derived extracellular vesicles (GDE) remain incompletely characterized. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a low-fat diet, high-fat diet (HF), or HF supplemented with orally administered GDE (3 × 10⁹ particles, 3 times/week) for 9 weeks. Relative epididymal fat pad weight, adipose tissue histology, cholecystokinin (CCK)-mediated satiety responsiveness, gut microbiota composition, and selected intestinal inflammatory markers were evaluated. GDE administration reduced adipocyte diameter and normalized epididymal leptin mRNA expression in HF-fed mice despite comparable energy intake between HF and HF/GDE groups.














