Michael Alejandro Hernandez Bertran1,2, Davide Tisi3,4, Federico Grasselli1,2, Michele Ceriotti3, Elisa Molinari1,2 & … Deborah Prezzi
We’re sharing this article early to provide faster access to peer-reviewed, accepted research. It is citable and carries a permanent DOI. This version is subject to further edits and will be replaced automatically by the final Version of Record. All legal disclaimers apply.
Rice originated in subtropical environments, yet its cultivation has expanded into regions where low temperatures threaten growth, development, and yield. Japonica rice generally tolerates cold better than indica rice, and researchers have linked this adaptation to changes in stress-responsive gene expression. Much attention has focused on C-repeat binding factors, a group of transcription factors that help coordinate plant cold responses. However, these proteins may directly regulate only 10%–20% of cold-regulated genes, suggesting that many other regulators operate alongside them. For numerous rice genes, the identities of those regulators and the locations of the DNA sequences they recognize remain unclear. A wider map of these interactions is therefore needed to understand cold adaptation and identify potential targets for crop improvement.
AcknowledgementsWe thank Eric Freed, Klaus Strebel, Paul Spearman, Gregory Melikian, John Guatelli, Tom Smithgall, Michael Burkrinsky, Andreas Baur, and Walther Mothers for critical reading and discussion. We thank Christina Ochsenbauer, Eric Freed, Yuntao Wu, Henrich Gottlinger, Kenzo Tokunaga, Axel Ullrich, David Sabatini, Michael Davidson, Gia Voeltz, Amy Palmer, Paul Luzio, Feng Zhang, Brett Stringer, Bob Weinberg, Simon Davis, and BEI resources for reagents. The authors acknowledge the support of the UIC Flow Cytometry Core Facility for flow cytometry instrumentation, technical expertise, and data analysis assistance. We thank the core staff for their valuable contributions to this work. FundingY. H. Z. is supported by the National Institutes of Health (AI145504, AI205746). Next-generation sequencing bioinformatics was performed by the UIC Research Informatics Core, supported in part by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) through grant UL1TR002003.
SYDNEY, Oct. 17 (Xinhua) -- An Australian study has produced the first comprehensive classification system and map of Martian soils, offering a framework to help scientists identify potential locations for future exploration, habitation and food production. The research classifies almost 800 million locations across Mars into a hierarchy of 2,000 soil classes using orbital observations and models, presenting a global map showing where they occur, according to a statement released by Australia's University of Sydney. "Scientists have mapped Mars' geology, mineralogy and chemistry before, but our system brings together multiple properties into a single framework, helping us understand how different Martian soils relate to one another and where they're found," said Daniel Irving, a PhD student at the university, who led the research. The classification system groups Martian soils into 10 major "realms," 100 "assemblages" and 2,000 detailed "forms" based on properties including texture, mineralogy, pH and profile thickness. As a proof of concept, researchers assessed the soil classes for characteristics relevant to plant production.
We’re sharing this article early to provide faster access to peer-reviewed, accepted research. It is citable and carries a permanent DOI. This version is subject to further edits and will be replaced automatically by the final Version of Record. All legal disclaimers apply.
AbstractFOXO transcription factors are critical for cellular homeostasis and the stress response and have been implicated in longevity in several species. Yet, how these factors function at the chromatin level in differing conditions in human cells is poorly understood. Here, we take an integrated multi-omics approach to identify the chromatin-level mechanisms by which FOXO3 coordinates transcriptional programs in replicating cells and in a model of cellular senescence. In a DNA-damage induced senescence, FOXO3 levels are elevated early in senescence entry. Increased FOXO3 expression induces expression of chromatin remodeling factors, and impacts chromatin accessibility across the genome together with SWI/SNF chromatin remodelers.
AcknowledgementsThe authors thank Dr. Joseph Baur, Dr. Khanh V. Doan, Dr. Sarmistha Mukherjee, and Ricardo A. Velázquez Aponte (University of Pennsylvania) for assistance with high-resolution respirometry. We also thank Dr. Saame Shaikh; Traci Davis (Genomics and Energy Metabolism Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Nutrition and Obesity Research Center [UNC-CH NORC]); Dr. Corey Holman (University of Pennsylvania Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core [RMPC], RRID: SCR_022427); and Dr. John Millar (University of Pennsylvania Metabolic Tracer Resource) for assistance with body composition analysis, indirect calorimetry, tracer infusions, and metabolic tracer studies. We further thank Dr. Andrea Stout (University of Pennsylvania Cell and Developmental Biology Microscopy Core, RRID: SCR_022373) for assistance with widefield image acquisition; Dr. Pablo Ariel and Kristen White (UNC-CH Microscopy Services Laboratory) for TEM sample preparation; and Dr. Patrick Seale (University of Pennsylvania), Dr. Anastasia Kralli (Johns Hopkins University), and Dr. Beverly Koller (UNC-CH) for sharing protocols and for helpful discussions. FundingA. M. A. was supported by NIH grant no.
We’re sharing this article early to provide faster access to peer-reviewed, accepted research. It is citable and carries a permanent DOI. This version is subject to further edits and will be replaced automatically by the final Version of Record. All legal disclaimers apply.
AbstractFracture networks directly govern the efficiency of geothermal energy extraction and play a critical role in fluid migration and microearthquake generation. Using deep learning and Markov clustering, we build a high-resolution microseismic catalog covering the past decade for The Geysers geothermal field, California. Our observations reveal distinctive clustering patterns and inferred fracture systems tightly correlated with injection operations. Source mechanism analyses and pore pressure simulations indicate that the inferred connected fracture network provides pathways for rapid and directional pore pressure diffusion, highlighting that heterogeneous permeability controls the localized migration of fluids and the associated microseismic response.
A new microscope developed at Stanford University allows scientists to watch the tiny structures inside living cells move and interact in real time, providing an exceptionally detailed view without the fluorescent labels typically used to make these structures visible.
Researchers at Stanford have created a powerful new imaging system that reveals the inner workings of living cells with remarkable clarity. By combining two advanced microscopy techniques, the instrument achieves a resolution of approximately 120 nanometers, an unprecedented level of detail for an approach that does not require fluorescent labels.
A new microscope developed at Stanford University allows scientists to watch the tiny structures inside living cells move and interact in real time, providing an exceptionally detailed view without the fluorescent labels typically used to make these structures visible.
Researchers at Stanford have created a powerful new imaging system that reveals the inner workings of living cells with remarkable clarity. By combining two advanced microscopy techniques, the instrument achieves a resolution of approximately 120 nanometers, an unprecedented level of detail for an approach that does not require fluorescent labels.
SpaceX's Dragon spacecraft arrived at the International Space Station at 10:27 a.m. EDT on October 15, docking at the space-facing port of the station's Harmony module. The spacecraft delivered more than 6,300 pounds of food, essential supplies, and scientific equipment for the Expedition 75 crew.
The arrival marks SpaceX's 35th commercial resupply mission to the orbiting laboratory under its contract with NASA. Along with everyday necessities for the astronauts, Dragon brought an unusual collection of scientific experiments that could help researchers develop new medical treatments and better understand how materials behave in space.
SpaceX's Dragon spacecraft arrived at the International Space Station at 10:27 a.m. EDT on October 15, docking at the space-facing port of the station's Harmony module. The spacecraft delivered more than 6,300 pounds of food, essential supplies, and scientific equipment for the Expedition 75 crew.
The arrival marks SpaceX's 35th commercial resupply mission to the orbiting laboratory under its contract with NASA. Along with everyday necessities for the astronauts, Dragon brought an unusual collection of scientific experiments that could help researchers develop new medical treatments and better understand how materials behave in space.
Astronomers have long depicted distant exoplanets with smooth, circular outlines. But new observations reveal that the atmospheres surrounding some of these scorching alien worlds can have surprisingly uneven shapes.
Using NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), researchers have discovered that the atmosphere of WASP-17b, a giant planet roughly 1,300 light-years from Earth, extends farther outward on one side than the other. Although its overall outline remains approximately circular, its atmosphere is noticeably asymmetrical. The distortion provides new evidence of how extreme temperatures and powerful winds reshape the atmospheres of distant planets.
Newswise — Deleting a conversation with an artificial intelligence (AI) assistant may not erase everything the assistant remembers. Georgia Tech researchers have developed a tool that can recover deleted conversations from AI assistants running on Android phones. The tool, called ORISA, can also rebuild the recovered information into a working AI session. The findings show that deleting an AI conversation on a phone does not necessarily mean it removes every trace. The research could give digital investigators a new way to recover information from phones. It also raises privacy concerns for people who use AI assistants that run locally on their devices. Local AI assistants run directly on a phone rather than sending conversations to a cloud service. While the local assistant is running, information from conversations can remain in the phone’s working memory even after it is deleted. ORISA searches this memory for pieces of deleted conversations. In one experiment, researchers created a fictional AI assistant called “Project Note Keeper” using the ChatterUI Android app. They gave it 100 fictional facts about a project, then deleted the conversation.
On a seamount off the coast of Costa Rica, researchers described a new species of octocoral, Laurinque elenya, and established a new family for it — Laurinqueidae. The corals were found at depths of 360 to 529 meters during dives in 2019 and 2023, ScienceAlert reports. Unusual colony structureColonies of this coral grow to more than one meter in height and up to 1.2 meters in width. They have a densely branching structure covered with unusually elongated polyps — the small animals that make up a coral colony. The polyps can partially retract into the branches, while the sclerites — the coral’s microscopic skeletal structures — are distinguished by a range of shapes. Such a combination of features had not previously been recorded in a single species of octocoral. The new taxon was named Laurinque elenya; the name comes from Tolkien’s Elvish language Quenya and means “golden tree of stars.” The golden coral branches grow above a bottom almost completely covered with pink brittle stars. More current news is available on the UA. News Telegram channel Telegram. Genetic analysis determined the familyInitially, an analysis of three genetic markers did not produce an unambiguous result.
Every time a tissue grows or renews itself, cells must divide inside an already crowded environment. That creates a fundamental problem that scientists have not fully understood: How does a tightly packed sheet of cells make room for two daughter cells when there was once only one?
