Building educators' confidence and skill in improvement science: a longitudinal study of the STEM PUSH Network - Frontiers

ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-1233-60816, Xinxin Tan7, Jing Bai2, Li Wang8, Xianghui Duan8, Fan Yang8, Jiayu Wang1 & … Binghe Xu We’re sharing this article early to provide faster access to peer-reviewed, accepted research. It is citable and carries a permanent DOI. This version is subject to further edits and will be replaced automatically by the final Version of Record. All legal disclaimers apply.

MainPrecision medicine leverages high-resolution, multimodal measurements to capture human physiological complexity1,2,3,4,5. Deep phenotyping, such as high-throughput proteomics and metabolomics, provides rich functional signatures and when collected longitudinally, reveals within-individual changes invisible in cross-sectional data6,7,8,9, while large-scale efforts such as the UK Biobank demonstrate the value of dense profiling10. However, the cost and operational complexity of repeated deep multimodal profiling limit its use in routine care11, limiting access to well-resourced research settings12,13. Most healthcare systems therefore still rely on sparse laboratory measurements that capture only fragments of an individual’s physiological state. Single-cell multimodal methods offer a conceptual starting point: distinct modalities (transcriptome, chromatin accessibility and surface proteins) are treated as complementary views of a shared biological state.

Einstein's theory of relativity just got put to the test by the lightest binary neutron star system ever discovered.

6 min read1 hour ago--(Image credit: Greg Wyatt)A supernova remnant looks like a pomegranate, carrying the seeds of life in the form of Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulfur (abbreviated as CHNOPS) inside. These elements make up roughly 98% of the mass of most living organisms and serve as the fundamental building blocks for all primary biomolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids (DNA). Carbon [C] is the backbone of life. Its unique ability to form four stable covalent bonds allows it to build complex, chain-like, and ring-shaped molecules. Hydrogen (H) is the most abundant element in the universe. It pairs with oxygen to form water (H2O) and creates hydrogen bonds, which give DNA its double-helix structure and stabilize protein shapes. Nitrogen (N) is a critical component of amino acids (the building blocks of proteins) and nitrogenous bases (the core elements of DNA and RNA). Oxygen (O) is an essential building block in water and organic molecules. It is a crucial constituent in cellular respiration, the process by which many organisms generate energy.