World Health Day 2026: science protects lives and strengthens health systems in Yemen - World Health Organization (WHO)

AcknowledgementsThe authors thank Dr. Joseph Baur, Dr. Khanh V. Doan, Dr. Sarmistha Mukherjee, and Ricardo A. Velázquez Aponte (University of Pennsylvania) for assistance with high-resolution respirometry. We also thank Dr. Saame Shaikh; Traci Davis (Genomics and Energy Metabolism Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Nutrition and Obesity Research Center [UNC-CH NORC]); Dr. Corey Holman (University of Pennsylvania Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core [RMPC], RRID: SCR_022427); and Dr. John Millar (University of Pennsylvania Metabolic Tracer Resource) for assistance with body composition analysis, indirect calorimetry, tracer infusions, and metabolic tracer studies. We further thank Dr. Andrea Stout (University of Pennsylvania Cell and Developmental Biology Microscopy Core, RRID: SCR_022373) for assistance with widefield image acquisition; Dr. Pablo Ariel and Kristen White (UNC-CH Microscopy Services Laboratory) for TEM sample preparation; and Dr. Patrick Seale (University of Pennsylvania), Dr. Anastasia Kralli (Johns Hopkins University), and Dr. Beverly Koller (UNC-CH) for sharing protocols and for helpful discussions. FundingA. M. A. was supported by NIH grant no.

With 302 neurons, 200 of them in their heads, hermaphrodite female roundworms reveal surprising sex-specific differences in the nervous system and how these differences influence behavior, reproduction, and aging. Researchers at Northeastern University compared brain activity in male and hermaphroditic Caenorhabditis elegans, a microscopic worm widely used in biological research to understand how sex wires males and female nervous systems differently.