Scientists create universal nasal spray vaccine that protects against COVID, flu, and pneumonia - ScienceDaily

Jetta receiving treatment through the nebulizer. Pneumonia is a common affliction among whales and dolphins. In a first for marine mammals, veterinarians have used bacteria-killing viruses to treat a beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) with a drug-resistant infection.

AcknowledgementsThe authors thank Dr. Joseph Baur, Dr. Khanh V. Doan, Dr. Sarmistha Mukherjee, and Ricardo A. Velázquez Aponte (University of Pennsylvania) for assistance with high-resolution respirometry. We also thank Dr. Saame Shaikh; Traci Davis (Genomics and Energy Metabolism Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Nutrition and Obesity Research Center [UNC-CH NORC]); Dr. Corey Holman (University of Pennsylvania Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core [RMPC], RRID: SCR_022427); and Dr. John Millar (University of Pennsylvania Metabolic Tracer Resource) for assistance with body composition analysis, indirect calorimetry, tracer infusions, and metabolic tracer studies. We further thank Dr. Andrea Stout (University of Pennsylvania Cell and Developmental Biology Microscopy Core, RRID: SCR_022373) for assistance with widefield image acquisition; Dr. Pablo Ariel and Kristen White (UNC-CH Microscopy Services Laboratory) for TEM sample preparation; and Dr. Patrick Seale (University of Pennsylvania), Dr. Anastasia Kralli (Johns Hopkins University), and Dr. Beverly Koller (UNC-CH) for sharing protocols and for helpful discussions. FundingA. M. A. was supported by NIH grant no.