Late Holocene reexpansion of the Laurentide Ice Sheet - Science | AAAS

Julia Margaret Cameron, photographic portrait of Charles Darwin, 1868. From the D. Hall Darwin-Wallace Collection. Rare books, documents, letters and images from famous evolutionary biologists are on display this fall at the U of C’s Nickle Galleries.

For more than 150 years, a reported 16-minute train delay in Exeter, England, was cited as a possible early example of a solar storm disrupting human technology. But a railway timetable revealed a problem with the story: the railway line in question did not exist in 1841. According to a report published by ScienceDaily on October 21, 2026, researchers have now traced the incident to October 18, 1848, using historical railway records, newspaper accounts and measurements of Earth’s magnetic field. The findings were published in the journal Space Weather. The train delay that could not have happened in 1841The mystery originated in an account published anonymously in the scientific journal Nature on October 5, 1871. It described a “very intense magnetic disturbance” on October 18, 1841, which allegedly interfered with railway telegraph equipment in Exeter, a city in southwest England. According to the account, the disturbance prevented railway staff from establishing whether the track ahead, near the village of Starcross, was clear. As a result, the scheduled 10.05 pm express train from Exeter towards Newton Abbot was held up for 16 minutes.

MEGATRON simulations offer a possible explanation for the similar iron content of many of the smallest galaxies. Radiation delayed early star formation until galaxies could retain elements from powerful stellar explosions. The results connect ancient stars with early-universe observations, but depend on uncertain assumptions about the first stars. Some of the universe’s smallest galaxies contain a surprisingly similar proportion of iron, despite holding different amounts of stars. Computer simulations now offer an explanation: a single explosion from a very massive first-generation star could have supplied much of that iron. The finding gives astronomers a testable way to investigate stars that disappeared billions of years ago. One paper follows the chemical legacy of the first stars into hundreds of simulated dwarf galaxies. Its central finding concerns an iron pattern already measured in nearby galaxies, rather than a direct observation of the earliest stellar explosions. Other MEGATRON studies investigate galaxy spectra and the gas within and around galaxies.