Just Another Day in the Gym: Maltreatment in Youth Sports - Psychology Today

AcknowledgementsWe thank the children and families who participated in this study and the coordinators, research assistants, and students who supported data collection. FundingFunded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF 01GL1743A), NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence (DFG EXC 2049) (CH) and the Max Planck School of Cognition (JJM, CH). Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. Author informationAuthor notesThese authors jointly supervised this work: Claudia Buss, Christine Heim.

MainChildhood maltreatment is a key modifiable risk factor for poor mental health1. Childhood maltreatment can be measured through either prospective measures, typically derived from informant reports and observations, or retrospective self-reported measures, which identify largely non-overlapping groups2. Nevertheless, much of our understanding of its long-term effects and underlying mechanisms comes from studies comparing groups of individuals with versus without retrospective self-reports of maltreatment, which are quicker, easier and cheaper to collect than prospective measures3. Retrospective self-reports also show stronger associations with psychopathology than prospective measures, regardless of whether they are corroborated by prospective evidence4,5. But how stable is this method of classification over time? Instability in childhood maltreatment reports could pose serious threats to both research and practice. Concerns about the low temporal stability of retrospective self-reports stem from their reliance on memory and subjective interpretation, which can be influenced by cognitive biases, emotional states and reappraisals over time3,6,7,8,9.

Scottie Barnes had 28 points and 14 rebounds, and the Toronto Raptors continued their stellar defensive start to the season with a 112-102 victory over the Washington Wizards on Friday night.

MMA Fighting has RAF 14 results for the Tsarukyan vs. Danis fight card and more from the Fontainebleau in Las Vegas, Nev., on Friday night. In the main event, UFC lightweight star Arman Tsarukyan tries to bounce back from his first RAF loss when he squares off against Dillon Danis. Danis (0-2) has yet to win at RAF just yet. Former UFC champions Khamzat Chimaev and Robbie Lawler compete in a catchweight contest in the co-main event. Chimaev is 2-0 for RAF, while Lawler is making his RAF debut. Check out RAF 14 results below. RAF 14 Main Card (FOX Nation LIVE now)Arman Tsarukyan vs. Dillon DanisKhamzat Chimaev vs. Robbie LawlerLucia Yepez vs. Sarah HildebrandtSebastian Rivera vs. Vito ArujauJordan Burroughs vs. Michael CaliendoRidge Lovett def. Jordan Oliver via tech fall, 13-2Yonger Bastida def. Zach Elam, 9-1Akhmed Gadzhimagomedov def. Mekhi Lewis, 5-4Bella Mir def. Hope Chase via tech fall, 10-0Pat Downey def. Magomed Magomedkerimov via pin (R2, 1:19)Brendan Allen def. Alexander Shlemenko via tech fall, 10-0Dylan Ragusin def. Juan Archuleta via tech fall, 10-0