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Electrons move so quickly inside atoms and molecules that studying their behavior requires flashes of light lasting just a fraction of a billionth of a billionth of a second. Now, scientists have found a way to concentrate these ultrashort X-ray flashes into a tiny spot, making them more powerful at the point where they hit a sample.

We’re sharing this article early to provide faster access to peer-reviewed, accepted research. It is citable and carries a permanent DOI. This version is subject to further edits and will be replaced automatically by the final Version of Record. All legal disclaimers apply. AbstractWe demonstrate a mechanism for the deterministic nucleation of magnetic hopfions in cylindrical nanopillars via transient magnetic field pulses. By exploiting a chiral magnetic cylinder with engineered surface uniaxial anisotropy, we show that field pulses trigger a non-equilibrium magnetization dynamics. Depending on the pulse amplitude, the system relaxes into distinct topologically protected energy minima, stabilizing either isolated hopfions or coexisting states with other three-dimensional solitons. This approach offers a framework for manipulating 3D topological textures without requiring localized spin-polarized currents, broadening the understanding of three-dimensional nanomagnetism.