How to understand exoplanets — space scientists call on lab-based chemists to help - Nature

Society depends on chemistry far more than we consciously realise, from medicines to energy to electronics. However, chemistry is viewed with as much apprehension as gratitude, because of the pollution and health problems that some chemicals cause. There is a strong desire to have all the benefits of chemistry, but none of the downsides. This has led to terms like “chemical free product” coming into popular usage.

In the near future, powerful new telescopes will power a big leap in exoplanet science. Telescopes like the Extremely Large Telescope, the Giant Magellan Telescope, and the Habitable Worlds Observatory will take us beyond exoplanet detection. They'll allow direct imaging of exoplanets, atmospheric spectroscopy, and more precise radial velocity. Beyond that, they may very well detect biosignatures on rocky planets, especially around nearby M dwarfs, if there are any. But observing time on these powerful instruments will be in extremely high demand. Astronomers who request observing time for their research have to make a strong case. Part of that case is knowing what to target. That requires detailed advance preparation.