Scientists Uncover "Hidden Rules" That Determine How Fabrics Hold Together - IFLScience

A core-collapse supernova occurs when a massive star reaches the end of its life. After running out of hydrogen and other light elements to burn, the star makes a last ditch effort to counter gravity, fusing ever heavier elements at an ever faster pace. Eventually it reaches the point where heavy fusion extracts energy from the core rather than adds it. The core rapidly contracts, then recoils. The resulting explosion rips the star apart and briefly outshines an entire galaxy. But not all giant stars end with a bang. Some of them experience a core collapse so quick and dense that the core squeezes itself into a black hole. These stars end with a whimper rather than a bang. So what exactly causes this difference? Why do some stars explode and others not? What key features distinguish between the two? The answer could lie in an aspect of neutrinos known as flavor.

Ultra-processed foods could damage your brain: studyOctober 15|Duration 2:00New Canadian research suggests that eating too many ultra-processed foods, such as soda, chips and processed meats, could damage your brain. Researchers urge Canadians to cut down on such products. Most people have food in their fridges and cupboards that they know aren't the healthiest choice. A box of chocolate chip cookies you grab for a bedtime snack. Instant noodles for when you can't be bothered to make dinner. Or that bag of ketchup chips you grabbed on a late night stroll home from the bar. But it's not just guilty pleasures. Nearly half of the calories Canadians consume — 45.7 per cent on average, according to Statistics Canada — comes in the form of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and includes everything from breakfast cereals to frozen meals. Over the years, research has shown that UPFs can negatively impact everything from our weight to our cardiovascular health, and could even be linked to some types of cancer. What are the ultra-processed foods we eat and why does it matter to our health?

A research group at Hosei University in Japan has identified a mechanism by which the bacterium Escherichia coli recognizes metabolic products of bifidobacteria. As News-Medical reports, this may explain how less abundant bacterial species coexist in the gut microbiome and maintain its diversity. Chemical signaling between bacteriaBifidobacteria break down complex carbohydrates, including human milk oligosaccharides, and release metabolic byproducts into the environment. Scientists found that E. coli can detect some of these molecules through specialized sensing systems and prepare its own metabolism accordingly. The authors called this process “metabolic eavesdropping.”The research team tested 54 E. coli transport systems associated with 61 carbon sources. As a result, they determined that the bacterium uses the Uhp and Idn sensing systems to respond to a set of metabolites released by bifidobacteria. More current news is available on the UA. News Telegram channel Telegram. The role of glucose-6-phosphateThe researchers paid particular attention to the Uhp system, which recognizes and transports hexose phosphates, including glucose-6-phosphate.

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory researcher Isaiah Santistevan led the development of three-dimensional simulations exploring how a nuclear device could deflect or disrupt an asteroid threatening Earth. Credit: Blaise Douros/LLNL Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) researchers are developing three-dimensional simulations to examine how a nuclear device could be used to deflect or potentially disrupt an asteroid threatening Earth.

Orcas are hunting great White Sharks around the world, scientists confirmThe killing of great whites by orcas has been reported in the waters of South Africa, California, and Australia, and the implications that the hunting behaviour would have on the marine ecosystem have been considered. In fact, it all started back on May 3, 2017, when the body of a female great white, weighing 1,100 kilograms, washed ashore in Gansbaai, close to Cape Town, with a deep gash through which its 90-kilogram liver had been extracted. Five more corpses of great whites appeared with similar wounds in the coming months, as claimed by shark biologist Alison Towner of Rhodes University. Two adult males, called Port and Starboard, who are supposed to be brothers judging by their dorsal fins that fold differently, were identified as the most probable perpetrators. The connection was officially established in 2022 based on video footage of a drone that caught three orcas chasing and biting a 3-meter great white off Mossel Bay. The sharks quickly disappeared from Dyer Island, one of the best places in the world to witness a great white.

Milky Way’s first microblazar candidate sits 12,000 light-years away, offering a rare ground-level lab for studying relativistic jetsA black hole 12,000 light-years away is firing a jet of plasma almost directly toward Earth. At that distance, no known or expected danger to Earth has been identified by the researchers or the institutions involved. What astronomers have actually found is rarer and more interesting than a threat. Researchers have identified IRAS 18293-0941 as a compelling candidate for the Milky Way’s first microblazar, a class of object that gives astrophysicists a close-up laboratory for studying some of the most violent physics in the galaxy. What Astronomers FoundThe discovery centers on a binary system whose black hole expels plasma jets at close to three-quarters the speed of light, pointed almost directly toward Earth. The system pairs a hot, massive star with a black hole that completes a full orbit roughly every 11.38 days. Material drawn from the companion star feeds the black hole, and some of that matter gets expelled outward as opposing jets traveling at approximately three-quarters the speed of light. Terminology matters here.