AI study of 101,000 patients links brown fat to heart and mental health - News-Medical

A photo of processed food. (CHCH News Stock Photo) A Canada-wide study led by researchers at McMaster University found a new possible link between brain damage and ultra-processed foods.

In a recent study involving nearly 3,000 brain MRI examinations, researchers found a significant association between residing in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods and deteriorating brain health indicators. The findings were published in Radiology. John-Paul J. Yu, MD, PhD, an associate professor at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, highlighted the study's implications, noting, "We’ve shown very robust, measurable metrics that our living environment has an outsized impact on the brain at the molecular and cellular level. "This retrospective analysis examined whether individuals living in the most disadvantaged neighborhoods showed higher brain age gaps and decreased total brain volume. The brain age gap reflects the difference between a person's actual age and their brain's apparent age as estimated from MRI data. The researchers evaluated brain MRIs from 2,826 patients—1,094 men and 1,732 women—aged 18 to 96. The imaging data was collected from consecutive clinical MRI examinations at the University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics from January to June 2024. Patients with imaging evidence of existing disease were excluded from the study

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Bioengineer.org news storyFor millions of people living with HIV, antiretroviral therapy has transformed a once-fatal infection into a manageable chronic condition. Yet the very drugs that suppress the virus can carry quiet costs, and one of the most insidious is bone loss. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, or TDF, has been a cornerstone of HIV treatment worldwide for two decades, prized for its potency, durability, and low cost. But a growing body of evidence has linked TDF exposure to measurable reductions in bone mineral density, raising an increasingly urgent clinical question: once bone has been lost on a TDF-based regimen, can it be recovered? A new prospective cohort study, published in BMC Infectious Diseases, offers some of the most detailed longitudinal evidence to date that the answer, for many patients, is yes. The research team enrolled 223 virologically suppressed men living with HIV who had low bone mineral density while taking TDF-based antiretroviral therapy.